Understanding Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition that affects how your body processes blood sugar (glucose). According to the World Health Organization, approximately 422 million people worldwide have diabetes, with type 2 diabetes accounting for 90% of cases.
Risk Factors
- Obesity or being overweight
- Physical inactivity
- Family history of diabetes
- Age (risk increases after 45)
- History of gestational diabetes
Prevention Strategies
Research from the Diabetes Prevention Program shows that lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 58%:
- Maintain a healthy weight: Losing 5-7% of your body weight can significantly reduce risk
- Regular physical activity: Aim for 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week
- Healthy eating: Focus on whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and lean proteins
- Regular screening: Adults over 45 should get tested every 3 years
Management Approaches
For those diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, effective management includes:
- Medication as prescribed by your healthcare provider
- Blood glucose monitoring
- Nutrition therapy with a registered dietitian
- Regular physical activity
- Education about diabetes self-management
Source: World Health Organization, American Diabetes Association, Mayo Clinic